LEGITIMASI PNEUMATOLOGIS DAN POLITIK KEKUASAAN DALAM KEPEMIMPINAN GEREJA NEO-PENTAKOSTA DI INDONESIA
Abstrak
Artikel ini mengkaji pembentukan otoritas karismatik dalam gereja-gereja Neo-Pentakosta Indonesia melalui dialog antara teori dominasi karismatik Max Weber dan pneumatologi Pentakosta. Dengan metode konseptual-analitis, artikel ini membaca literatur Weberian, teologi Pentakosta, studi Neo-Pentakosta Indonesia, serta kasus hukum dan etnografi gerejawi yang relevan. Argumen utamanya ialah bahwa otoritas karismatik dalam Neo-Pentakosta tidak hanya bersifat teologis, tetapi juga politis karena klaim mengenai urapan, nubuat, karunia Roh, dan panggilan ilahi dapat berfungsi menyakralkan otoritas personal pemimpin. Analisis menemukan empat dinamika utama: legitimasi pneumatologis atas otoritas Pribadi, rutinisasi karisma menjadi kontrol institusional, politik suksesi dan pemeliharaan batas, serta ketegangan antara eklesiologi Roh Kudus dan dominasi personal. Kontribusi teoretis artikel ini terletak pada perumusan konsep legitimasi pneumatologis atas kekuasaan sebagai alat analisis untuk menilai relasi antara spiritualitas, kepemimpinan, dan akuntabilitas gerejawi. Artikel ini mengusulkan kerangka pneumatologis kritis yang membedakan otoritas yang dipimpin Roh dari struktur kekuasaan yang cenderung koersif, yang menggunakan bahasa karismatik untuk menutup ruang koreksi komunal.
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